Quagga


Equus quagga quagga

1883

Lithograph of a quagga from Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Frédéric Cuvier's Histoire naturelle des mammifères (1824) Source

Named for an onomatopoeic Khoikhoi word for zebra --- thought to mimic the creature's equine call --- the quagga was endemic to South Africa until it was hunted to extinction by European settlers in the late nineteenth century. Brown and white striped, it was known to roam in herds of fifty. William Cornwallis Harris, an English military engineer and big game hunter, described the collective movement during its summer migration, unwittingly capturing the quagga's place in a landscape rich with biodiversity: Bands of many hundreds are thus frequently seen doing their migration from the dreary and desolate plains of some portion of the interior, which has formed their secluded abode, seeking for those more luxuriant pastures where, during the summer months, various herbs thrust forth their leaves and flowers to form a green carpet, spangled with hues the most brilliant and diversified. For centuries before extinction, the quagga played an important part in human culture and agriculture, appearing in cave paintings attributed to the San peoples and used to safeguard livestock by Afrikaner farmers. When a hybrid --- the offspring of a quagga that was crossbred with a horse --- gave birth to striped children, it led to breakthroughs in theories of telegony. Writing in 1889, naturalist Henry Bryden eulogized the loss of the quagga: That an animal so beautiful, so capable of domestication and use, and to be found not long since in so great abundance, should have been allowed to be swept from the face of the earth, is surely a disgrace to our latter-day civilization. Extinct by 1900, a stuffed quagga is held by Leiden's Naturalis Biodiversity Center, where it is trotted out for special occasions.

Aurochs


Bos primigenius
1627

Illustration of an aurochs from Siegmund von Herberstein's Rervm Moscoviticarvm commentarij Sigismundi (1556) Source

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